Coccidiosis is the major disease causing economic losses to rabbit farmers in Kenya.
79.4 per cent of farmers report their rabbits having been infected by the parasitic disease which attacks the liver and intestines with seven out of every 10 rabbits dying from the highly contagious disease. Infection is spread when rabbits come in contact with contaminated faeces or rabbitry beddings.
How to spot coccidiosis
- Affected rabbits lose weight and their growth is stunted.
- They develop a rough coat due to reduced nutrient absorption.
- One of the most common signs of intestinal coccidiosis is diarrhea, which can sometimes be bloody. This can lead to dehydration and further weaken the rabbit.
- Rabbits may develop an enlarged liver, jaundice, which causes yellow discoloration in mucous membranes, exposed rabbit skin, and eyes, as well as abdominal pain.
- Due to a lack of feeding, the rabbits become weak and lethargic.
How to control coccidiosis
Coccidiosis control is critical because most farmers cannot afford or get access to anti-coccidiosis medications for rabbits in Kenya. Coccidiosis drugs which are easily reachable are meant for chicken and are not efficient for rabbit coccidiosis.
- Maintaining a clean environment is critical. Regularly clean and disinfect cages, feeders, waterers, and other equipment in your rabbitry.
- Providing a balanced diet and clean drinking water helps improve rabbits’ overall health and immunity, making them less susceptible to infections.
- Ensuring rabbits are kept in a comfortable and stress-free environment avoids weakening their immune system making them less vulnerable to coccidiosis.
Treatment
- The most effective drugs for coccidiosis treatment by farmers are Sulphachloropyrazine and Diclazuril (diclosol 1%®).
- Adding Moringa oleifera to water or food as a natural alternative to chemical drugs enhances quick recovery from coccidiosis. It is also recommended to be fed during weening to prevent rabbits from contracting the diseases when they are most at risk.
- Ensuring affected rabbits have access to fresh, clean water and a nutritious diet can help them recover more quickly.
- Isolating infected rabbits from healthy ones is crucial in helping prevent the spread of the disease.